Nigute ushobora gupakira ibicuruzwa bizima mumahanga (2022 Amabwiriza mpuzamahanga yohereza ibicuruzwa hanze yoherejwe kuri bateri)

Gutwara ibicuruzwa bizima na logistique mpuzamahanga ni umurimo utoroshye urimo umutekano murwego rwo hejuru no kubahiriza byimazeyo.Aya mabwiriza yashyizweho mu rwego rwo kurinda umutekano w’abantu, umutungo n’ibidukikije hitawe ku gutwara impanuka za bateri zitagira impanuka n’ibicuruzwa bizima ku isi.Ibikurikira ningingo zingenzi zamabwiriza agenga ibicuruzwa bitwara abantu bizima bya logistique mpuzamahanga, kimwe no gusobanura amabwiriza abigenga:

1. Ubwoko bwa Bateri:

Ubwoko butandukanye bwa bateri busaba gupakira no gukora mugihe cyo kohereza.Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion (yongeye kwishyurwa) irashobora kugabanywamo bateri nziza ya lithium-ion, igashyigikira bateri ya lithium-ion hamwe na batiri ya lithium-ion.Kurundi ruhande, bateri ya lithium yicyuma (idashobora kwishyurwa) irimo bateri ya lithium yicyuma yera, gushyigikira bateri ya lithium, hamwe na batiri ya lithium yubatswe.Buri bwoko busaba amabwiriza yihariye yo gupakira ukurikije ibiranga.

2. Amabwiriza yo gupakira:

Mu kohereza mpuzamahanga, igikoresho na batiri yatwaye bigomba kuba bipakiye hamwe mu gasanduku k'imbere, ni ukuvuga agasanduku k'uburyo bwo gupakira.Iyi myitozo ifasha kwirinda kugongana no guterana amagambo hagati ya bateri nigikoresho, bikagabanya ibyago byimpanuka.Muri icyo gihe, ingufu za buri bateri ntizishobora kurenza amasaha 100 watt kugirango igabanye ingaruka ziterwa n’umuriro no guturika.Byongeye kandi, bateri za voltage zirenga 2 ntizigomba kuvangwa muri paki kugirango birinde ingaruka hagati ya bateri.

3. Ikirango n'inyandiko:

Ni ngombwa ko ibimenyetso bya batiri ikoreshwa hamwe nibirango bya hazmat byerekanwe neza kuri paki.Ibimenyetso birashobora gufasha kumenya ibintu bishobora guteza akaga mubipaki kugirango hafatwe ingamba zikwiye mugihe cyo gutwara no kohereza.Byongeye kandi, bitewe n'ubwoko n'imikorere ya bateri, ibyangombwa nkurupapuro rwumutekano (MSDS) birashobora gusabwa guhabwa inzego zibishinzwe nibisabwa.

4. Kurikiza amabwiriza yindege:

Umuryango mpuzamahanga w’indege za gisivili (ICAO) n’ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ry’ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere (IATA) bashyizeho amabwiriza akomeye agamije kurinda umutekano wa bateri n’ibicuruzwa bizima mu bwikorezi bwo mu kirere.Aya mabwiriza arimo ibisabwa byihariye byo gupakira, kugabanya ingano nibintu bibujijwe gutwara.Kurenga kuri aya mabwiriza birashobora gutuma ibicuruzwa byangwa gutwara cyangwa gusubizwa.

5. Amabwiriza yo gutwara ibicuruzwa:

Abatwara ibicuruzwa bitandukanye bashobora kugira amabwiriza nubuyobozi bitandukanye.Mugihe uhisemo umwikorezi, ni ngombwa kumva amabwiriza yabo no kwemeza ko paki yawe yujuje ibyo basabwa.Ibi birinda gutinda cyangwa guhagarika ibicuruzwa kubera kutubahiriza.

6. Komeza kuvugururwa:

Amabwiriza mpuzamahanga yo kohereza ahinduka mugihe kugirango ahuze ikoranabuhanga rikenewe hamwe n’umutekano.Kubwibyo, kugendana namabwiriza agezweho yemeza ko uhora wubahiriza.

Mu ncamake, ibikoresho mpuzamahanga byerekana ibicuruzwa bitwara abantu bigomba gukurikiza neza urutonde rwamabwiriza akomeye kugirango umutekano wubahirizwe kandi inzira yo gutwara abantu.Gusobanukirwa ubwoko bwa bateri, ibisabwa byo gupakira hamwe nibirango bifitanye isano, gukorana neza nabatwara, no guhora uvugurura ubumenyi bwawe hamwe namabwiriza mashya nibintu byose byingenzi mugutumaho ibicuruzwa byiza.