Yonke inkqubo yomsebenzi wokubhengezwa kwamasiko ihlukaniswe ngamanqanaba amathathu: isibhengezo, ukuhlolwa kunye nokukhululwa.
(1) Isibhengezo sokungenisa kunye nokuthumela iimpahla ngaphandle
Abathumeli kunye nabathumeli bokungenisa kunye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla ngaphandle okanye ii-arhente zabo, xa zingenisa kwaye zithumela ngaphandle iimpahla, zigcwalise ifomu yesibhengezo sempahla yokungenisa kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle kwifomathi emiselwe lisiko phakathi kwexesha elibekiweyo, kwaye liqhoboshele ukuthunyelwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye amaxwebhu orhwebo, Kwangaxeshanye, anike izatifikethi zokuvuma ukungeniswa nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwempahla, nokubhengeza kumasiko.Awona maxwebhu aphambili obhengezo lwempahla ekhoyo ngala alandelayo:
Isibhengezo sezinto ezithengiswayo kumazwe angaphandle.Ngokuqhelekileyo zalisa iikopi ezimbini (amanye amasiko afuna iikopi ezintathu zefomu yokubhengeza izithethe).Izinto eziza kuzaliswa kwifom yokuvakalisa izithethe mazichaneke, zizaliswe ngokupheleleyo, zibhalwe ngokucacileyo, yaye iipensile azinakusetyenziswa;zonke iikholamu kwifomu yokubhengeza izithethe, apho kukho iikhowudi zobalo ezichazwe ngamasiko, kunye nekhowudi yerhafu kunye nomlinganiselo werhafu, ziya kuzaliswa ngumbhengezi werhafu ngosiba olubomvu;isibhengezo sempahla nganye Zine kuphela izinto ezinokuzaliswa kwifom;ukuba kufunyenwe ukuba akukho meko okanye ezinye iimeko kufuneka zitshintshe umxholo wefom, ifom yokutshintsha kufuneka ingeniswe kumasiko ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Ifomu yokubhengeza izinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle.Ngokuqhelekileyo zalisa iikopi ezimbini (amanye amasiko afuna iikopi ezintathu).Iimfuneko zokuzalisa ifom ziyafana nezo zefomu yokubhengezwa kwempahla ethunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle.Ukuba isibhengezo asichanekanga okanye umxholo kufuneka utshintshwe kodwa ungatshintshi ngokuzithandela kunye nexesha elifanelekileyo, kwaye ukukhutshwa kwezithethe kwenzeka emva kokubhengezwa kokuthumela ngaphandle, iyunithi yokuvakalisa i-customs kufuneka ihambe ngeenkqubo zokulungisa kunye namasiko kwiintsuku ezintathu.
Amaxwebhu othutho kunye nezorhwebo athunyelwe ukuba ahlolwe kunye nesibhengezo sempahla.Naziphi na iimpahla zokungenisa kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle ezidlula kwi-custos kufuneka zingenise ifom ye-custos declaration egcwalisiweyo kumasiko ngaxeshanye, ingenise imithwalo efanelekileyo kunye namaxwebhu orhwebo ukuze ihlolwe, yamkele amasiko ukujonga ukuba ngaba amaxwebhu ahlukeneyo ayahambelana, kwaye agxininise itywina emva kophicotho lwezithethe, Njengobungqina bokuthatha okanye ukuhanjiswa kwempahla.Amaxwebhu othutho kunye nezorhwebo angeniswe ukuba ahlolwe ngexesha elinye njengoko kubhengezwe kwi-custos declaration kubandakanya: i-bill yokungenisa impahla elwandle;ibhili yokuthumela ngaphandle elwandle (kufuneka igximfizwe isitampu seyunithi yokubhengezwa kwempahla);amaphepha eepasela zomhlaba nomoya;Isitywina seyunithi yokubhengezwa kwamasiko siyafuneka, njl.);uluhlu lokupakishwa kwempahla (inani leekopi lilingana ne-invoyisi, kwaye itywina leyunithi yokubhengezwa kwamasiko liyafuneka), njl njl. Yintoni ekufuneka icaciswe kukuba ukuba amasiko abona kufanelekile, iyunithi yokubhengeza izithethe kufuneka kwakhona ingenise ukuze ihlolwe ikhontrakthi yorhwebo, ikhadi le-odolo, isiqinisekiso semvelaphi, njl. amaxwebhu esatifikethi kunye nefomu yokubhengeza izithethe.
Ilayisenisi yomthwalo osuka kumazwe angaphandle (ukuthumela ngaphandle).Inkqubo yelayisenisi yempahla yokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle iyindlela yolawulo yokhuselo yolawulo lorhwebo lokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle.ilizwe lam, njengamazwe amaninzi ehlabathi, likwamkele le nkqubo ukuphumeza ulawulo olubanzi lokungenisa kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle iimpahla kunye namanqaku.Izinto ezithengiswayo ekufuneka zingeniswe kwizithethe zokungenisa kunye neelayisensi zokuthumela ngaphandle azilungiswanga, kodwa zihlengahlengiswa kwaye zibhengezwe ngabasemagunyeni abanobuchule belizwe nangaliphi na ixesha.Zonke izinto zorhwebo ekufuneka zifake izicelo zokungenisa kunye neelayisensi zokuthumela ngaphandle ngokwemigaqo yesizwe kufuneka zingenise iilayisenisi zokungenisa kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle ezikhutshwe lisebe lolawulo lwezorhwebo lwangaphandle ukuze zihlolwe ngexesha lokubhengezwa kwezithethe, kwaye zinokukhululwa kuphela emva kokuphumelela ukuhlolwa kwezithethe. .Nangona kunjalo, iinkampani zokungenisa kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle eziyanyaniswa noMphathiswa wezoQoqosho kunye neNtsebenziswano yoRhwebo, iinkampani zoshishino kunye nezorhwebo ezinxulumene namasebe aphunyezwe liBhunga leSizwe ukuba abandakanyeke kushishino lokuthumela ngaphandle kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle, kunye neenkampani zokuthumela ngaphandle kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle ezinxulumene namaphondo. (oomasipala ngokuthe ngqo phantsi koRhulumente oMbindi kunye nemimandla ezimeleyo) ukungenisa kunye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla ngaphakathi kwendawo yoshishino evunyiweyo., Kuthathwa njengokufumana ilayisenisi, ukukhululwa ekufumaneni ilayisenisi yokungenisa kunye nokuthumela izinto ngaphandle, kwaye unokubhengeza kumasiko kuphela ngefomu yokubhengezwa kwempahla;kuphela xa kuqhutywa impahla yorhwebo ngaphandle kwemida yokurhweba ngaphakathi nangaphandle apho kufuneka ingenise ilayisenisi ukuze ihlolwe.
INkqubo yokuHlola nokuValelwa: I-National Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau kunye ne-General Administration of Customs iphumeze inkqubo entsha yokucocwa kwempahla ukuze ihlolwe kwaye ivalwe izivalela iimpahla ukususela ngomhla woku-1 kuJanuwari 2000. Indlela yokukhutshwa kwempahla ephumayo “kukuhlola kuqala, kulandele ukubhengezwa kwezithethe. ”.Kwangaxeshanye, isebe lokuhlola lokuphuma kunye necandelo lokuvalelwa liza kusebenzisa isitywina esitsha kunye nesatifikethi.
Uhlolo olutsha kunye nenkqubo yokuvalelwa kwabantu bodwa iqhuba "uhlolo oluthathu kwindawo enye" kwindawo eyayisakuba yi-Ofisi yoHlolo lweMpilo, iBureau yeZilwanyana kunye neZityalo, kunye ne-Commodity Inspection Bureau, kwaye iphumeze ngokupheleleyo "uhlolo lwexesha elinye, iisampulu ngexesha elinye, uhlolo lwexesha elinye kunye ukuvalelwa yedwa, ugutyulo lwangexesha elinye nolawulo lwezinambuzane, ukuqokelelwa komrhumo kube kanye, nokuhanjiswa kube kanye.”"Ukukhutshwa ngesatifikethi" kunye nohlolo olutsha lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nendlela yokuvalelwa "yezibuko elinye kwihlabathi langaphandle".Ukusukela nge-1 kaJanuwari 2000, "ifomu yokukhutshwa kwempahla yokungena" kunye "nefomu yokukhutshwa kwempahla ephuma ngaphandle" iya kusetyenziswa kwimpahla ephantsi kokungeniswa nokuthumela ngaphandle, kwaye itywina elikhethekileyo lokuhlolwa kunye nokuvalelwa liya kuncanyathiselwa kwizithethe. ifom yokucima.Ukungenisa kunye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla ngaphandle (kuquka iimpahla zothutho) ngaphakathi koluhlu lwekhathalogu yokungenisa kunye nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwempahla ngokuxhomekeke ekuhlolweni kunye nokugcinwa kwe-quarantine ngokuhlolwa kunye nee-arhente zokuvalelwa, izithethe ziya kuxhomekeka "kwiFomu yoSulelo lweMpahla ezingenayo" okanye "IiMpahla eziPhumayo". Ifomu yokuCoca” ekhutshwe liZiko loHlolo lokuPhuma kunye ne-Quarantine Bureau kwindawo apho iimpahla zibhengezwa khona.Ukuhlolwa kunye nokukhululwa "kokunye", ukurhoxisa "ukuhlolwa kwempahla, ukuhlolwa kwezilwanyana kunye nezityalo, ukuhlolwa kwezempilo" ngendlela yefomu yokukhululwa, isatifikethi kunye nokunyathela isitampu sokukhulula kwifom yesibhengezo sezithethe.Kwangaxeshanye, uhlolo lokuphuma kunye nezatifikethi zokuvalelwa kwaqaliswa ngokusesikweni, kwaye izatifikethi ezazikhutshwe ngegama elithi "uhlolo oluthathu" zayekiswa zonke ukusuka nge-1 ka-Epreli 2000.
Ngelo xesha, ukususela ngo-2000, xa kusayinwa izivumelwano kunye neeleta zekhredithi kumazwe angaphandle, inkqubo entsha kufuneka ilandelwe.
Amasiko afuna ukuba iyunithi yokubhengeza izithethe ukuba ikhuphe “ifomu yokukhutshwa kwempahla yokungena” okanye “ifomu yokuphuma kwimpahla yesiqhelo”.Kwelinye icala, kukubeka esweni ukuba ngaba iimpahla zokuhlola ezisemthethweni ziye zahlolwa yi-arhente yokuhlolwa kwempahla esemthethweni;isiseko."NgokoMthetho weRiphabhlikhi yaBantu baseTshayina malunga noHlolo lweMpahla yokuThutha nokuThunyela ngaphandle" kunye "noLuhlu lweeMpahla eziThunyelwa ngaphandle kunye noThunyelo ngaphandle oluphantsi koHlolo ngamaZiko oHlolo lweMpahla", zonke izinto ezithumela ngaphandle kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle ezidweliswe "kuLuhlu loDidi" ngokusemthethweni. Ukuhlolwa kuya kungeniswa kwi-arhente yokuhlola impahla phambi kokubhengezwa kwempahla.ingxelo ukuze ihlolwe.Ngexesha lokubhengezwa kwempahla, ukungenisa kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle, amasiko aya kukhangela kwaye ayamkele kunye nesitampu esifakwe kwifomu yokubhengezwa kwempahla ekhutshwe yi-arhente yokuhlola impahla.
Ukongeza kula maxwebhu akhankanywe apha ngasentla, kwezinye iimpahla zolawulo lokungeniswa nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle ezixelwe ngurhulumente, iyunithi yokubhengeza izithethe kufuneka kwakhona ingenise kwi-Customs amaxwebhu athile emvume yokungenisa kunye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle akhutshwe lisebe elinobuchule kuzwelonke, kwaye amasiko aya kuthi. khulula iimpahla emva kokuphumelela uhlolo.Njengokuhlolwa kweziyobisi, ukusayinwa kwamanye amazwe izinto zenkcubeko, ulawulo lwegolide, isilivere kunye neemveliso zayo, ulawulo lwezilwanyana zasendle ezixabisekileyo nezinqabileyo, ulawulo lokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle kwemidlalo yokudubula, imipu yokuzingela kunye neembumbulu kunye neziqhushumbisi zoluntu, ulawulo lokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle. yeemveliso zeaudio-visual, njl. Uluhlu.
(2) Ukuhlolwa kwempahla evela kumazwe angaphandle nangaphandle
Zonke iimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kunye nezithunyelwa ngaphandle ziya kuhlolwa ngamasiko, ngaphandle kwezo zivunywe ngokukhethekileyo yi-General Administration of Customs.Injongo yokuhlolwa kukukhangela ukuba ngaba umxholo oxelwe kumaxwebhu esibhengezo sezithethe uyahambelana nokufika kwempahla, ukuba kukho na ukungaxelwanga kakuhle, ukushiywa, ukufihlwa, ingxelo yobuxoki, njl. Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kusemthethweni.
Ukuhlolwa kwempahla ngamasiko kuya kwenziwa ngexesha kunye nendawo echazwe ngamasiko.Ukuba kukho izizathu ezikhethekileyo, amasiko angathumela abasebenzi ukuba babuze ngaphandle kwexesha elichaziweyo kunye nendawo kunye nemvume yangaphambili yamasiko.Abafake izicelo kufuneka babonelele ngezothutho zokuya nokubuya kunye nendawo yokuhlala kwaye bazihlawulele.
Xa amasiko ehlola iimpahla, umamkeli kunye nomthumeli weempahla okanye ii-arhente zabo kufuneka babekho kwaye babe noxanduva lokusingatha ukuhanjiswa kwempahla, ukukhulula kunye nokukhangela ukupakishwa kwempahla ngokweemfuno zezithethe.Xa amasiko ebona kuyimfuneko, angenza uhlolo, aphinde ahlole okanye athathe iisampuli zempahla.Umgcini wempahla uya kubakho njengengqina.
Xa kuhlolwa iimpahla, ukuba iimpahla eziphantsi kokuhlolwa zonakaliswe ngenxa yoxanduva lwamagosa amasiko, amasiko aya kuhlawulela iqela elichaphazelekayo ngokulahlekelwa kwezoqoqosho ngokuthe ngqo ngokuhambelana nemimiselo.Indlela yembuyekezo: Igosa lempahla engenayo liya kugcwalisa ngokunyanisekileyo “iNgxelo yeSiko leRiphabliki yaBantu baseTshayina ekuHlolweni kweMpahla kunye nezinto ezonakeleyo” ngokuphindwe kabini, kwaye igosa lokuhlola kunye neqela elichaphazelekayo liya kusayina kwaye ligcine ikopi enye kumntu ngamnye.Amaqela amabini avumelana ngokudibeneyo ngeqondo lomonakalo kwimpahla okanye iindleko zokuyilungisa (ukuba kuyimfuneko, inokumiselwa ngesatifikethi sovavanyo esikhutshwe liziko le-notary), kwaye isixa-mali sembuyekezo simiselwa ngokusekelwe kwintlawulo yerhafu. ixabiso elivunywe ngamasiko.Emva kokuba isixa-mali sembuyekezo simisiwe, iCustoms iyakugcwalisa kwaye ikhuphe “iSaziso seMbuyekezo yeMpahla eyonakeleyo kunye neMiqathango yeCustoms of the People's Republic of China”.Ukususela kumhla wokufumana "iSaziso", iqela liya kuthi, kwiinyanga ezintathu, lifumane imbuyekezo evela kwi-Customs okanye lazise i-Customs ye-akhawunti yebhanki ukuba idluliselwe , i-Overdue Customs ayisayi kuphinda ihlawule.Yonke imbuyekezo iya kuhlawulwa nge-RMB.
(3) Ukukhutshwa kwempahla evela ngaphandle kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle
Kuba isibhengezo sezithethe zokungenisa kunye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla ngaphandle, emva kokuphonononga amaxwebhu isibhengezo sezithethe, ukuhlola ezona mpahla, kwaye udlula kwiinkqubo zokuqokelelwa kwerhafu okanye ukucutha irhafu kunye nokukhululwa, umnini wempahla okanye i-arhente yakhe unokusayina itywina lokukhululwa amaxwebhu afanelekileyo.Thatha okanye uthumele iimpahla.Kweli nqanaba, ukulawulwa kwempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle kubonwa njengokuphela.
Ukongeza, ukuba ukungenisa kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle iimpahla zidinga ukuphathwa okukhethekileyo ngamasiko ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo, banokufaka isicelo kumasiko okukhululwa kwisiqinisekiso.Amasiko anemimiselo ecacileyo kwi-scope kunye nendlela yokuqinisekisa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-14-2022